Sorry to throw cold water on your thesis, but Jesus meant precisely what he said, and his words defy your misinterpretation. "Give Caesar what is Caesar's/" means precisely that. And if you have nothing belonging to Caesar, give him that--viz., nothing. And to make his point clear, Jesus added, Give God what is God's." The Hebrew Scriptures by which Jesus consistently justified himself and his action is also unequivocal, for it says at least six times, as in Psalm 24:1, "The earth is the Lord's and everything in it," which leaves nothing for poor old Caesar. Jesus was an adamant foe of taxation, as the gospels make clear.

As for Paul's Roman's 13:1-7, if you fail to see that he was speaking ironocally, you must not know the state of the Roman empire and Roman authorities under Nero, who ruled at the time Paul wrote that pericope, probably to protect the bearer of his letter from the wrath of the Roman authorities as it travelled from Corinth to Rome entirely withing territory controlled by the Empire and subject to inspection at almost anytime by a nosey Roman administrator. The Christian community in Rome living under Nero's thumb would not have been deceived, and would have realized his words were not to be taken at face value. If Paul wasn't using irony, he would have to be declared stupid or dishonest in saying Nero's taxes were used for anything other than Nero's pleasure and to pay the thugs who worked for him persecuting Christians.